Screening for and Treatment of Blunt
Cerebrovascular Injuries Algorithm

Risk Factors for Blunt Cerebrovascular Injuries (BCVI)

High energy transfer mechanism associated with:

  • Displaced mid-face fracture (LeForte II or III)
  • Basilar skull fracture with carotid canal involvement
  • Closed head injury consistent with diffuse axonal injury and GCS < 6
  • Cervical vertebral body or transverse foramen fracture, subluxation, or ligamentous injury at any level
  • Any fracture at C1-C2
  • Near hanging with anoxia
  • Clothesline type injury or seat belt abrasion with significant swelling, pain or altered mental status