Screening for and Treatment of Blunt
Cerebrovascular Injuries Algorithm
Risk Factors for Blunt Cerebrovascular Injuries (BCVI)
High energy transfer mechanism associated with:
- Displaced mid-face fracture (LeForte II or III)
- Basilar skull fracture with carotid canal involvement
- Closed head injury consistent with diffuse axonal injury and GCS < 6
- Cervical vertebral body or transverse foramen fracture, subluxation, or ligamentous injury at any level
- Any fracture at C1-C2
- Near hanging with anoxia
- Clothesline type injury or seat belt abrasion with significant swelling, pain or altered mental status